Drinking Water Treatment  飲用水處理

Drinking water comes from many different sources, such as rivers, lakes, aquifers and man-made reservoirs. Treatment processes for source water vary widely depending on the source itself, as well as the impurities of the source water. Some of the most common contaminants in source water are the suspended solids comprised from organic matter, like algae, and inorganic materials, e.g. sand, silt and clay particles. Knowing total suspended and dissolved solids in the incoming water helps to determine the right treatment processes and procedures (e.g. coagulation/flocculation agents) to reduce load on the filters.   飲用水來自許多不同的來源，例如河流、湖泊、含水層和人工水庫。源水的處理過程因水源本身以及源水中的雜質而有很大差異。源水中最常見的污染物是懸浮固體，包括有機物，例如：如藻類，以及無機物，例如：沙、淤泥和黏土顆粒。了解進水中的總懸浮固體和溶解固體有助於決定正確的處理過程和程序（例如混凝/絮凝劑），以減輕過濾設備的負荷。

 

In order to optimize the coagulation/flocculation part of your Drinking Water treatment process, another tool can be very useful – a Streaming Current Monitor (SCM) that measures change in the charge of particles in the water immediately after coagulant injection and helps to optimize the coagulant feed in real time, especially when combined with pH control.   為優化飲用水處理過程中的混凝/絮凝部分，另一個非常有用的儀器設備是流動電流監測器 (SCM)，它可以在注入凝結劑後立即監測水中顆粒電荷的變化，並有助於即時優化凝結劑進料，尤其是與 pH 控制儀器一起使用時。

 

Monitoring TSS/turbidity and TDS/conductivity in the raw and treated water helps to maintain consistent water quality and its corrosivity to comply with relevant regulations.   監測原水和處理水中的 TSS/濁度 和 TDS/導電度協助保持一致的水質及其腐蝕性，以符合相關法規。

 

Besides monitoring of the water used in the treatment process, it is important to measure TSS or turbidity during filter backwash operation because it helps in the process optimization, extends filter run times and provides additional savings on the energy cost.   除了監測處理過程中使用的水之外，在過濾器反沖洗操作階段測量 TSS 或濁度也很重要，因為這樣有助於優化水處理程序、延長過濾設備運作時間並且節省額外的電力成本。

 

Energy Industry  電力能源產業

High purity water is essential for power production. The amount of suspended solids present in water is a vital quality indicator. Silt, sand, bacteria, spores and chemical precipitates all contribute to the cloudiness or turbidity of water. As a result, turbidity or TSS monitoring is critical for maintaining the acceptable water quality throughout the power plant.  高純度的水對於發電非常重要。水中懸浮固體的濃度是一項重要的水質指標。淤泥、沙子、細菌、孢子和化學沉澱物都會造成水的混濁。因此，濁度或 TSS 監測對於維持整個發電廠可接受的水質非常關鍵。

 

 

How are Solids Monitored  如何監測水中懸浮固體濃度?

Measuring TDS or TSS in the lab or field can be done through several methods and with multiple instruments. The most commons measurement methods are as follows 可透過多種分析方法和儀器於實驗室或戶外/廠區檢測TDS 或 TSS濃度。最常見的測量方法如下 :